Umvavanyi wobulukhuni beVickers usebenzisa idayimani endenter, ecinezelwa kumphezulu wesampuli phantsi kwamandla athile ovavanyo. Khulula amandla ovavanyo emva kokugcina ixesha elithile kwaye ulinganise ubude obude bokugoba, emva koko ixabiso lobunzima beVickers (HV) libalwa ngokwefomula.
Isiphumo sokucinezela intloko phantsi
- Ukusebenzisa amandla ovavanyo: Inkqubo yokucinezela intloko linyathelo elibalulekileyo lokudlulisela amandla ovavanyo amiselweyo (afana ne-1kgf, i-10kgf, njl.njl.) kumphezulu wezinto ezivavanyiweyo nge-indenter.
- Ukwenza i-indentation: Uxinzelelo lwenza i-indent ishiye i-indentation yedayimani ecacileyo kumphezulu wezinto, kwaye ubunzima bubalwa ngokulinganisa ubude obu-diagonal be-indentation.
Olu sebenzi lusetyenziswa kakhulu kuvavanyo lobunzima bezinto zesinyithi, amaphepha amancinci, iingubo, njl.njl., kuba lunoluhlu olubanzi lwamandla ovavanyo kunye nokugoba okuncinci, okufanelekileyo ukulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo.
Njengoyilo oluqhelekileyo lwesakhiwo se-Vickers hardness tester (eyahlukileyo kuhlobo lokunyuka kwe-workbench), iingenelo "zokucinezela intloko phantsi" kukuqondakala kwe-operation logic kunye nesakhiwo soomatshini, iinkcukacha ngolu hlobo lulandelayo,
1. Ukusebenza okulula ngakumbi, landela imikhwa yomntu-yomatshini
Kuyilo lokucinezela intloko phantsi, umqhubi angabeka isampuli ngqo kwibhentshi yokusebenzela esisigxina, aze agqibezele ukudibana kunye nokulayisha kwe-indenter ngentloko esezantsi, ngaphandle kokulungisa rhoqo ukuphakama kwebhentshi yokusebenzela. Le ngqiqo yokusebenza "ephezulu-ezantsi" ifanelekile ngakumbi kwimikhwa yokusebenza eqhelekileyo, ngakumbi enobuhlobo kwabaqalayo, inokunciphisa amanyathelo adinisayo okubeka isampuli kunye nokulungelelanisa, inciphise iimpazamo zokusebenza kwabantu.
2. Uzinzo oluqinileyo lokulayisha, ukuchaneka okuphezulu kokulinganisa
Isakhiwo sokucinezela intloko sidla ngokusebenzisa indlela yokulayisha eqinileyo (njengeentonga zesikrufu ezichanekileyo kunye neereyile zesikhokelo). Xa kusetyenziswa amandla ovavanyo, ukuthe nkqo kunye nesantya sokulayisha se-indenter kulula ukulawula, nto leyo enokunciphisa ngempumelelo ukungcangcazela koomatshini okanye ukucima. Kwizixhobo ezichanekileyo ezifana namaphepha amancinci, iingubo, kunye neendawo ezincinci, olu zinzo lunokuthintela ukuguquguquka kokungqinwa okubangelwa kukulayisha okungazinzanga kwaye luphucule kakhulu ukuchaneka kokulinganisa.
3. Ukuguquguquka okubanzi kweesampuli
Kwiisampuli ezinkulu, ezimile ngendlela engacwangciswanga okanye ezinobunzima obunzima, uyilo oluvela entloko ukuya ezantsi alufuni ukuba ibhentshi yokusebenzela ithwale umthwalo ogqithisileyo okanye imiqathango yokuphakama (ibhentshi yokusebenzela inokulungiswa), kwaye kufuneka kuphela ukuqinisekisa ukuba isampuli inokubekwa kwibhentshi yokusebenzela, "enyamezelayo" ngakumbi kwisampuli. Uyilo lwebhentshi yokusebenzela enyukayo lunokuthintelwa kukuhamba komthwalo kunye nokuphakamisa kwebhentshi yokusebenzela, ngoko ke kunzima ukuziqhelanisa neesampuli ezinkulu okanye ezinzima.
4. Ukuphindaphinda okungcono kokulinganisa
Indlela yokulayisha ezinzileyo kunye nenkqubo yokusebenza elula inokunciphisa impazamo ebangelwa kukwahluka kokusebenza kwabantu (njengokuphambuka kokulungelelaniswa xa kuphakanyiswa ibhentshi yokusebenza). Xa ulinganisa isampuli efanayo amaxesha amaninzi, imeko yoqhagamshelwano phakathi kwe-indenter kunye neesampuli iyahambelana ngakumbi, ukuphindaphindwa kwedatha kungcono, kwaye ukuthembeka kwesiphumo kuphezulu.
Ukuqukumbela, umvavanyi wobunzima beVickers onentloko esezantsi unezibonelelo ezingaphezulu ngokulula, uzinzo, kunye nokuguquguquka ngokuphucula ingqiqo yokusebenza kunye nolwakhiwo loomatshini, kwaye ufanelekile ngokukodwa kuvavanyo lwezinto ezichanekileyo, uvavanyo lweesampuli zeentlobo ezininzi okanye iimeko zovavanyo oluphezulu.
Ixesha leposi: Julayi-16-2025
