Ungajonga njani ukuba isixhobo sokuvavanya ubunzima sisebenza ngokwesiqhelo?
1. Umvavanyi wobulukhuni kufuneka aqinisekiswe ngokupheleleyo kube kanye ngenyanga.
2. Indawo yokufaka isixhobo sokuvavanya ubunzima kufuneka igcinwe kwindawo eyomileyo, engenangcangcazelo kwaye engenakonakalisa, ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwesixhobo ngexesha lokulinganisa kunye nokuzinza kunye nokuthembeka kwexabiso ngexesha lovavanyo.
3. Xa umvavanyi wobunzima esebenza, akuvumelekanga ukuba uchukumise ngqo umphezulu wesinyithi oza kulinganiswa ukuthintela ukuchaneka komlinganiselo okungachanekanga okanye ukonakalisa i-indenter yekhoni yedayimani entlokweni yomvavanyi wobunzima.
4. Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwedayimani, kuyimfuneko ukuhlola umphezulu wedayimani kanye ngonyaka. Emva kokulinganisa ngakunye, idayimani kufuneka ibuyiselwe kwibhokisi ekhethekileyo ukuze igcinwe.
Amanyathelo okuvavanya ubulukhuni:
Ukongeza kumanyathelo akhethekileyo okhuseleko xa usebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokuvavanya ubunzima, kukho ezinye iingxaki eziqhelekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe, ezidweliswe ngezantsi:
1. Umvavanyi wobulukhuni ngokwawo uza kuvelisa iintlobo ezimbini zeempazamo: enye yimpazamo ebangelwe kukuguquka nokunyakaza kwamalungu ayo; enye yimpazamo ebangelwe yiparameter yobulukhuni edlula umgangatho ochaziweyo. Kwimpazamo yesibini, umvavanyi wobulukhuni kufuneka alinganiswe ngebhloko esemgangathweni ngaphambi kokulinganisa. Kwiziphumo zokulinganisa zomvavanyi wobulukhuni waseRockwell, umahluko ufanelekile ngaphakathi kwe-±1. Ixabiso lokulungisa linokunikwa kwixabiso elizinzileyo elinomahluko ngaphakathi kwe-±2. Xa umahluko ungaphandle koluhlu lwe-±2, kuyimfuneko ukulinganisa nokulungisa umvavanyi wobulukhuni okanye ukutshintsha kwezinye iindlela zokuvavanya ubulukhuni.
Isikali ngasinye sobunzima beRockwell sinomlinganiselo wokusetyenziswa, ekufuneka ukhethwe ngokuchanekileyo ngokwemigaqo. Umzekelo, xa ubunzima buphezulu kune-HRB100, isikali se-HRC kufuneka sisetyenziselwe uvavanyo; xa ubunzima buphantsi kune-HRC20, isikali se-HRB kufuneka sisetyenziselwe uvavanyo. Ngenxa yokuba ukuchaneka kunye novakalelo lomvavanyi wobunzima kuphantsi xa uluhlu lovavanyo lugqithile, kwaye ixabiso lobunzima lingachanekanga, alifanelekanga ukusetyenziswa. Ezinye iindlela zokuvavanya ubunzima nazo zinemigangatho yokulinganisa ehambelanayo. Ibhloko esemgangathweni esetyenziselwa ukulinganisa umvavanyi wobunzima ayinakusetyenziswa kumacala omabini, kuba ubunzima becala eliqhelekileyo kunye necala elingasemva azifani ngokuyimfuneko. Ngokubanzi kuchazwe ukuba ibhloko esemgangathweni isebenza ngaphakathi konyaka omnye ukususela kumhla wokulinganisa.
2. Xa utshintsha i-indenter okanye i-anvil, qaphela ukucoca iindawo ezidityanisiweyo. Emva kokuyitshintsha, yivavanye amaxesha amaninzi ngesampulu yentsimbi yobunzima obuthile de ixabiso lobunzima elifunyenwe kabini ngokulandelelana lifane. Injongo kukwenza i-indenter okanye i-anvil kunye nenxalenye yoqhagamshelwano yomatshini wokuvavanya zicinezelwe ngokuqinileyo kwaye zinxibelelane kakuhle, ukuze zingachaphazeli ukuchaneka kweziphumo zovavanyo.
3. Emva kokuba isixhobo sokuvavanya ubunzima silungisiwe, xa kuqala ukulinganisa ubunzima, indawo yokuqala yokuvavanya ayisetyenziswa. Ngenxa yokoyika ukudibana okungekho ngqiqweni phakathi kwesampuli kunye ne-anvil, ixabiso elilinganisiweyo alichanekanga. Emva kokuba indawo yokuqala ivavanyiwe kwaye isixhobo sokuvavanya ubunzima sikwimeko eqhelekileyo yokusebenza, isampuli iyavavanywa ngokusesikweni kwaye ixabiso lokuvavanya ubunzima elilinganisiweyo liyarekhodwa.
4. Ukuba isiqwenga sovavanyo siyavuma, khetha ngokubanzi iindawo ezahlukeneyo ukuze uvavanye ubuncinane amaxabiso amathathu obulukhuni, uthathe ixabiso eliphakathi, kwaye uthathe ixabiso eliphakathi njengexabiso lobulukhuni besiqwenga sovavanyo.
5. Kwiziqwenga zovavanyo ezineemilo ezintsonkothileyo, kufuneka kusetyenziswe iipadi zeemilo ezifanayo, kwaye zingavavanywa emva kokuba zilungisiwe. Isiqwenga sovavanyo esijikelezayo sihlala sibekwe kwindawo enomfanekiso we-V ukuze kuvavanywe.
6. Ngaphambi kokulayisha, jonga ukuba isiphatho sokulayisha sibekwe kwindawo yokukhulula. Xa ulayisha, isenzo masibe lula kwaye singaguquguquki, kwaye ungasebenzisi amandla amaninzi. Emva kokulayisha, isiphatho sokulayisha masibekwe kwindawo yokukhulula, ukuze kuthintelwe isixhobo ukuba singabi phantsi komthwalo ixesha elide, nto leyo ebangela ukuguqulwa kweplastiki kwaye ichaphazele ukuchaneka kokulinganisa.
UVickers, ubulukhuni bukaRockwell
Ukuqina: Kukukwazi kwezinto ukumelana nokuguqulwa kweplastiki yendawo, kwaye ubukhulu becala kulinganiswa ngendlela yokugoba.
Qaphela: Amaxabiso obulukhuni awanakuthelekiswa ngokuthe ngqo, kwaye anokuguqulwa kuphela ngetheyibhile yokuthelekisa ubulukhuni.
Ngowama-2019, iShandong Shancai Testing Instrument Co., Ltd. yajoyina iKomiti yoBugcisa bokuMiselwa koMatshini woVavanyo yeSizwe yaza yathatha inxaxheba ekuqulunqweni kwemigangatho emibini yesizwe.
1. GB/T 230.2-2022:"Uvavanyo loBulukhuni beZinto zeMetallic Rockwell Icandelo lesi-2: Ukuhlolwa kunye noLungiso lweeVavanyi zoBulukhuni kunye neeIndenter"
2. GB/T 231.2-2022:"Uvavanyo loBulukhuni beBrinell yezinto zeMetallic Materials Icandelo lesi-2: Ukuhlolwa kunye noLungiso lweeVavanyi zoBulukhuni"
Ngowama-2021, uShandong Shancai wathatha inxaxheba ekwakhiweni kweprojekthi yokuvavanya ubulukhuni kwi-intanethi yemibhobho yeenjini zeenqwelo moya, enegalelo kwishishini leenqwelo moya lelizwe loonina.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Disemba-29-2022
