Indlela yokukhangela ukuba umvavanyi wobulukhuni usebenza ngokuqhelekileyo?
1.Umvavanyi wobulukhuni kufuneka angqinwe ngokupheleleyo kanye ngenyanga.
2. Indawo yokufakela i-hardness tester kufuneka igcinwe kwindawo eyomileyo, i-vibration-free and non-corrosive, ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukuchaneka kwesixhobo ngexesha lokulinganisa kunye nokuzinza nokuthembeka kwexabiso ngexesha lovavanyo.
3. Xa umvavanyi wobulukhuni usebenza, akuvumelekanga ukuba uthinte ngokuthe ngqo ubuso betsimbi ukuba ulinganiswe ukuthintela ukuchaneka kokulinganisa okungachanekanga okanye ukonakalisa i-indenter ye-diamond cone entloko yomhloli wobunzima.
4. Ngethuba lokusetyenziswa kwe-diamond indenter, kuyimfuneko ukuhlola ukugqitywa komphezulu we-indenter kanye ngonyaka.Emva komlinganiselo ngamnye, i-indenter kufuneka ibuyiselwe kwibhokisi ekhethekileyo yokugcina.
Imiqathango yomvavanyi wobulukhuni:
Ukongeza kwizilumkiso ezikhethekileyo xa usebenzisa abavavanyi bobulukhuni abahlukeneyo, kukho iingxaki eziqhelekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe, ezidweliswe ngezantsi:
1. Umhloli wobulukhuni ngokwawo uya kuvelisa iintlobo ezimbini zeempazamo: enye yimpazamo ebangelwa ukuguqulwa kunye nokunyakaza kwamalungu ayo;enye yimposiso ebangelwe bubulukhuni beparameter egqitha umgangatho ochaziweyo.Kwimpazamo yesibini, umvavanyi wobulukhuni kufuneka ulinganiswe ngebhloko eqhelekileyo ngaphambi kokulinganisa.Kwiziphumo zokulinganisa umvavanyi wobulukhuni beRockwell, umahluko ufanelekile ngaphakathi ±1.Ixabiso lolungiso linokunikezelwa ngexabiso elizinzileyo kunye nomahluko phakathi kwe ±2.Xa umahluko ungaphandle koluhlu lwe-±2, kuyimfuneko ukulinganisa kunye nokulungisa umhloli wobulukhuni okanye utshintshe kwezinye iindlela zokuvavanya ubulukhuni.
Isikali ngasinye sobunzima be-Rockwell sine-de facto scope of application, ekufuneka ikhethwe ngokuchanekileyo ngokwemigaqo.Ngokomzekelo, xa ubunzima buphezulu kune-HRB100, isikali se-HRC kufuneka sisetyenziselwe ukuvavanya;xa ubulukhuni bungaphantsi kwe-HRC20, isikali se-HRB kufuneka sisetyenziswe kuvavanyo.Ngenxa yokuba ukuchaneka kunye novelwano lwe-hardness tester luhluphekile xa uluhlu lokuvavanya lugqithiswa, kwaye ixabiso lobunzima alichanekanga, alufanelekanga ukusetyenziswa.Ezinye iindlela zokuvavanya ubulukhuni nazo zinemigangatho ehambelanayo yokulinganisa.Ibhloko esemgangathweni esetyenziselwa ukulinganisa umhloli wobulukhuni ayinakusetyenziswa kumacala omabini, kuba ubunzima becala eliqhelekileyo kunye necala elingasemva alufani.Ngokuqhelekileyo kuchazwe ukuba ibhloko esemgangathweni isebenza kunyaka omnye ukusuka kumhla wokulinganisa.
2. Xa utshintsha i-indenter okanye i-anvil, qaphela ukucoca iindawo zoqhagamshelwano.Emva kokuyitshintsha, yivavanye amaxesha amaninzi ngesampuli yentsimbi yobunzima obuthile de ixabiso lobunzima elifunyenwe kabini ngokulandelelana lifana.Injongo kukwenza i-indenter okanye i-anvil kunye nenxalenye yoqhagamshelwano yomatshini wokuvavanya igxininiswe ngokuqinileyo kwaye idibene kakuhle, ukuze ingachaphazeli ukuchaneka kweziphumo zovavanyo.
3. Emva kokuba i-hardness tester ilungiswe, xa uqala ukulinganisa ubunzima, inqaku lokuqala lokuvavanya alisetyenziswanga.Ngenxa yokoyika ukudibanisa okungalunganga phakathi kwesampuli kunye ne-anvil, ixabiso elilinganisiweyo alichanekanga.Emva kokuba inqaku lokuqala livavanyiwe kwaye umvavanyi wobulukhuni ukwimeko yesiqhelo yokusebenza, isampuli ivavanywa ngokusemthethweni kwaye ixabiso lobunzima obulinganisiweyo lirekhodwa.
4. Ukuba isiqwenga sovavanyo sivumela, ngokuqhelekileyo khetha amacandelo ahlukeneyo ukuvavanya ubuncinane amaxabiso amathathu obunzima, thatha ixabiso eliphakathi, kwaye uthathe ixabiso eliqhelekileyo njengexabiso lobunzima bovavanyo.
5. Kwiingcezu zokuvavanya ezinemilo enzima, iipads zeemilo ezihambelanayo kufuneka zisetyenziswe, kwaye zinokuvavanywa emva kokulungiswa.Isiqwenga sovavanyo esijikelezileyo sibekwe ngokubanzi kwi-groove efana ne-V yokuvavanya.
6. Ngaphambi kokulayisha, khangela ukuba isibambo sokulayisha sibekwe kwindawo yokukhupha.Xa ulayisha, isenzo kufuneka sibe lula kwaye sizinzile, kwaye ungasebenzisi amandla amaninzi.Emva kokulayisha, isibambo sokulayishwa kufuneka sibekwe kwindawo yokukhupha, ukwenzela ukukhusela isixhobo ukuba singabi phantsi komthwalo ixesha elide, kubangela ukuguqulwa kweplastiki kunye nokuchaphazela ukuchaneka kokulinganisa.
Vickers, ukuqina kweRockwell
Ukuqina: Sisakhono semathiriyeli ukuxhathisa ukuguqulwa kweplastiki yasekhaya, kwaye ubukhulu becala bulinganiswa ngendlela yokuhlenga.
Qaphela: Amaxabiso obunzima awanakuthelekiswa ngokuthe ngqo omnye komnye, kwaye anokuguqulwa kuphela ngetheyibhile yokuthelekisa ubulukhuni.
Ngo-2019, i-Shandong Shancai Testing Instrument Co., Ltd. yajoyina iKomiti yeSizwe yoVavanyo loMgangatho woMgangatho woMashini kwaye yathatha inxaxheba ekuqulunqweni kwemigangatho emibini yesizwe.
1. GB/T 230.2-2022:"Izinto zeMetallic Rockwell Hardness Test Part 2: Ukuhlolwa kunye nokuCalibration of Hardness Testers and Indenters"
2. GB/T 231.2-2022:"IiMathiriyeli zeMetalli Brinell Uvavanyo loBulukhuni iCandelo 2: Ukuhlolwa kunye nokuLinganisa abavavanyi boBulukhuni"
Ngo-2021, u-Shandong Shancai uthathe inxaxheba ekwakhiweni kweprojekthi yokuvavanya ubulukhuni be-intanethi ye-aerospace injini yemibhobho, igalelo kwishishini le-aerospace ye-motherland.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-29-2022
