Njengezinto eziphambili, iibhloko zesilinda zenjini kunye neentloko zesilinda kufuneka zimelane nobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo, ziqinisekise ukutywinwa okuthembekileyo, kwaye zibonelele ngokuhambelana kakuhle kwendibano. Izalathisi zazo zobugcisa, kubandakanya uvavanyo lobunzima kunye novavanyo lokuchaneka kobukhulu, zonke zifuna ulawulo olungqongqo kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezichanekileyo. Uvavanyo lobunzima beebhloko zesilinda kunye neentloko lusetyenziswa kakhulu ukuvavanya iimpawu zoomatshini zezinto, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ziyahlangabezana neemfuno zoyilo.
Abavavanyi bokuqina beRockwell bafanelekile ekuhlolweni kobunzima kwiindawo ezinkulu, ezithe tyaba ezifana neenqwelomoya zebloko yesilinda (umz., iindawo zokudibana kwentloko yesilinda, iziseko zebloko yesilinda) kunye nobuso bemingxunya ye-crankshaft. Ukuhlolwa komgangatho kwi-intanethi kwimigca yemveliso, iimfuno zovavanyo ezenzelwe wena zinokubonelelwa. Abavavanyi bokuqina beRockwell abazenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo banokudityaniswa nomgca wemveliso ukuze kufezekiswe ukusebenza okungalawulwayo, okuneziphumo ezisebenza kakuhle nezizinzileyo. Le ndlela yovavanyo yeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu kwimveliso enkulu yezixhobo zeemoto kwaye ihambelana nemigangatho ye-ISO 6508 kunye ne-ASTM E18.
Abavavanyi bobulukhuni beBrinell bayasebenza kuvavanyo lobulukhuni beendawo ezingenanto zebloko yesilinda kunye neendawo ezixineneyo (umz., amacala ebloko yesilinda), kwaye bafanelekile ngakumbi ekuvavanyeni umgangatho wokuphoswa kunye nokusebenza kakuhle konyango lobushushu lweebloko zesilinda zesinyithi. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba uvavanyo lweBrinell lushiya ukuxinana okukhulu, ngoko ke kufuneka kuthintelwe kwiindawo ezonakala lula ezifana neendawo zangaphakathi zodonga lwesilinda kunye neendawo ezichanekileyo.
Abavavanyi bobulukhuni beVickers bafanelekile kuvavanyo lobulukhuni kwiindawo ezibhityileyo zeebhloko zesilinda ze-aluminium alloy, iindawo zangaphakathi ze-cylinder liner (ukuthintela ukonakalisa iindawo zokutywina), kunye novavanyo lwe-hardness gradient yeeleya kunye neengubo ezicociweyo ngobushushu (umz., iileya ezine-nitride, iileya ezicinyiweyo) kwiindawo ze-cylinder block. Le ndlela yovavanyo ihlangabezana neemfuno zovavanyo oluchanekileyo lweenjini zeenqwelo moya kunye neemoto eziphezulu, kwaye ihambelana nemigangatho ye-ISO 6507 kunye ne-ASTM E92.
Ngokweebhloko zesilinda kunye neentloko zesilinda ezenziwe ngezinto ezahlukeneyo, ezi zikali zobunzima zilandelayo zinokubhekiswa kuzo:
| Icandelo | Izinto eziqhelekileyo | Uluhlu lweReferensi yoBulukhuni (HB/HV/HRC) | Injongo yoVavanyo oluPhambili |
| Ibhloko yeSilinda yeNsimbi eyenziwe ngeCast Iron | I-HT250/HT300 (Intsimbi Engwevu Ephosiweyo), Intsimbi yeGraphite Engashukumiyo | 180-240HB20-28HRC | Qinisekisa ukuba akukho ukuguguleka kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka |
| I-Aluminium Alloy Cylinder Block | A356+T6, AlSi11Cu2Mg | 85-130 HB90-140 HV 15-25 HRC | Amandla okulinganisela kunye nokusebenza kakuhle komatshini |
| Intloko yesilinda yentsimbi eyenziwe ngentsimbi | I-HT200/HT250, Intsimbi yeDuctile | 170-220 HB18-26 HRC | Melana nempembelelo yobushushu obuphezulu kwaye uqinisekise ukuba umphezulu uqinile |
| Intloko yesilinda ye-aluminium alloy | A356+T7, AlSi12Cu1Mg1Ni | 75-110 HB80-120 HV 12-20 HRC | Linganisa ipropati ekhaphukhaphu, ukusasazwa kobushushu kunye namandla olwakhiwo |
Kwiimfuno ezahlukeneyo zovavanyo lweebhloko zesilinda zenjini, iLaizhou Laihua inokubonelela ngezisombululo ezenzelwe wena ngokusekelwe kwiimveliso ezithile. Oku kuquka iimodeli ezisemgangathweni, iimodeli ezenzelwe wena zoluhlu olupheleleyo lwabavavanyi bobunzima beRockwell, Brinell, kunye neVickers, kunye noyilo lwezinto ezizodwa ezenzelwe iimveliso—zonke ezijolise ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kovavanyo kunye nokuchaneka komlinganiselo.
Ixesha leposi: Disemba-04-2025
